How to properly connect a pumping station to a well. How to properly install, connect and start up a pumping station? Manufacturers of pumping stations

After purchasing a water supply device, the question arises of connecting it to. How labor-intensive is this and how can I make sure everything works exactly? How to connect a pumping station to a well with your own hands, without the help of specialists? All this can be learned from the article.

Choosing an installation location

There are two options.

First. If water from the well is used only in the summer, and there are no options in the house, you can connect the pumping station to the well according to a temporary (seasonal) scheme. This means that during the winter some of the pipelines that might have thawed can be disassembled and reassembled in the spring. It is possible not to disassemble the water supply system, but then it is necessary to provide drainage fittings for emptying the pipelines for the winter, and also carefully maintain the slopes of the pipes to eliminate the possibility of incomplete emptying of the pipes. In this case, there are no requirements for placement in an insulated room. Water points can be located wherever it is convenient. The main thing is that in this case there is no need to lay a stationary anti-freeze pipe and, most importantly, there is no need to install this pipe into a well in the ground.

Second. In the case of year-round use of water and its use in the home plumbing, it is necessary to install a water pipe into the house. The pipe should be buried below the soil freezing level; this level should be determined based on whether the installation site belongs to a specific geographic area. If this is not possible, you can use various methods of electrical heating of pipelines. The pipe insertion into the well must be absolutely sealed. It is better to supply water to the house after the final formation of the well, simultaneously with the installation of a well clay castle.

When installing a pumping station based on a surface pump outside the well shaft, it should be taken into account that even if the required level difference between the pump and the water level is maintained, the additional load on the suction pipeline is exerted by the length of its horizontal section. It is advisable to minimize the distance in order to properly connect the pumping station and well. To make approximate calculations, keep in mind that one meter vertically is equivalent to four meters horizontally. For example, when installing a pumping station in a well, the horizontal length will be 8 meters, then the suction depth is reduced by two meters.

When connecting a pumping station to a submersible well, the same principles remain. The only difference is that the automation is installed indoors, and the pump itself is lowered into the well.

The figure shows the pump configuration.

Connecting the pumping station

You need to assemble an ejector; it is a unit with three output connections.
Insert a filter into the lower connection.
We selected a 32 mm diameter rod of the required length and now we put it on the upper connection of the ejector.
To connect the parts correctly, we assemble a bend of the required diameter. This can be done from a pair of parts that are connected together with an adapter.
After assembling the flow, we install a bronze coupling at its outlet. With its help, access to the pipe will be provided.
We will seal the connections. To do this, you can use flax or sealing paste.
If the installation of the station takes place outside, then at this stage laying the pipeline in trenches is required.
- When making calculations, do not forget to slightly increase the required pipe length for some margin;
- a cap must be placed at the end of the casing; if it is difficult to find, you can replace the part with an elbow with a non-sharp angle;
- now insert the other end of the pipe at an angle of 90 degrees into the elbow and lower it; for sealing, use foam for installation;
- We also connect the pipe with the corner adapters located on it at angles of 90 degrees, and the adapters are the connecting link with the outer pipes;
- To connect the pipes to the ejector, use couplings.
When installing the station underground, the ejector is lowered into the well to a pre-marked required depth.
The connection to the casing pipe is made using plumbing tape.

The ejector immersion mark should be at the same height as the casing outlet.

The installation points for the pumping station in the well remain the same for the option of a surface station location. Only the moments of installing a pipeline in a trench and an ejector underground are excluded.

First start-up and verification of correct installation

For initial start-up, the pump must be filled with water. To do this, you should provide a special filler funnel, cut off from the pump by a shut-off valve. A more convenient option for initial filling is pumping the pumping station with a manual piston pump connected at the outlet of the station.

The pump is controlled by a pressure switch.

It is connected to the hydraulic system and has a spring-loaded diaphragm (bellows) that transmits water pressure to the electromechanical part of the relay. The relay ensures that the contacts close when the pressure drops below the set one (switch-on pressure) and open when the switch-off pressure is reached. Usually the value of the lower pressure is directly adjusted by adjusting the compression force of the corresponding spring. The second adjustment is responsible for the pressure difference between turning the pump on and off.

You can determine what pressure values are set by looking at the pressure gauge on the supply pressure line. If there is no flow (closed taps), turn on the station and wait until it turns off. The pressure gauge will show the cut-off pressure. Open the water tap (it’s more convenient to be near the station), and slowly release the pressure. When the station is turned on, record the turn-on pressure. If the measured values do not suit you, remove the cover of the pressure switch and adjust the pressure values by rotating the corresponding nuts.

During the initial installation of the station and during its operation, it is necessary to maintain real parameter values in the operating range specified in the station passport. It is not recommended to force the pump to work, as they say, to wear out by increasing the pressure on the relay. This mode usually reduces the time between starting and stopping the pump. If the set pressure is significantly increased, the pump may go into mode without turning off at all, this means that the pump power is not enough to create the set pressure.

A simple tire pressure gauge is used to determine the available pressure. Naturally, before checking with a pressure gauge and installing the station, check the nipple. If air does not try to escape from it, then there may be a malfunction of both the nipple and the membrane itself. Be sure to keep in mind that it makes sense to measure air pressure only if there is no water pressure in the membrane, for which it is necessary to bleed it off with the pump turned off.

The preset air pressure should be slightly higher than the pump activation pressure. Then, by the time of start-up, there will still be a small amount of water left in the tank.

The check valve ensures that water moves in the system only in one direction. The automation of the pumping station controls the pressure or the presence of flow in the pressure part of the water supply. This means that the check valve should always be installed so that the pressure at the installation site of the automation cannot spontaneously decrease. Depending on the specific conditions, the check valve can be installed directly at the inlet of the pumping station or at the end of the water intake pipe lowered into the well. Sometimes they are installed at both points.

When starting, the pump must be filled with water. This should also be taken into account when choosing a location to install a check valve. To protect the pumping station from sand, filters are sometimes installed on the water intake line. A check valve is often mounted at the end of the water intake pipe, combined with a mesh filter into one unit. Surface pump stations are sometimes supplied with a rope filter at the inlet. Of course, you need to monitor its condition; as it becomes clogged, the suction depth will gradually decrease.

Video about connecting the station

The plot provides information necessary for clarity. How to assemble the station, as well as how to properly connect it to the well.

If the water in the well is deep enough, and the well shaft is made reliably and firmly, then the pumping station can be installed directly in the shaft.

To do this, a shelf is made in the shaft and carefully fixed to the wall, the size of which would allow the pumping station to be securely fastened. It is advisable to install rubber gaskets under the legs of the pumping station to reduce the impact of vibration of the operating station on the structure of the well. The level at which the shelf for the pump is made should be such that the vertical distance between the pumping station and the water level in the well does not exceed 6-8 meters.

A check valve with a strainer is attached to the end of the suction line, protecting the pump from large debris. It is recommended to make all threaded connections using FUM tape or synthetic sealing thread (for example, Tangit Unilock).

At the first moment there is no water in the pump, the pipes are dry, therefore, if you turn on the pump in this state, it will overheat and may fail. For initial start-up, our circuit provides a filling funnel. At the initial moment, with the pump disconnected from the power supply, by opening the initial filling tap and closing the tap on the pressure line, we fill the pump and suction line with water through a funnel. A check valve on this line will prevent water from flowing out of the pump. Having filled the system so that the water is in the filling funnel, close the tap on the filling line and turn on the pump.

Air pockets may occur in the cavity being filled. If everything is in order, the pump will immediately begin to suck in water and create pressure after itself. When the pressure rises to the set value, the pressure switch will turn off the pump. If the pump does not start to create pressure the first time, the procedure for initially turning on the pump must be repeated. Usually it has to be repeated several times, each time adding water through the funnel.

Is it possible to install a pumping station in a structure on the surface, without lowering it into a shaft? In the case where the water in the well is high, this can be done. The figure shows a diagram for switching on the station using a complete suction hose with a check valve installed on it and a threaded fitting for connection to the pump. The procedure for starting the station is similar to that described in the previous paragraph.

How to install a pumping station in a well may not always be clear. Moreover, when purchasing it, the consultant is unlikely to be able to reveal all the subtleties. Using the detailed information from the article, you can make the connection yourself.

Connecting a pumping station to a well makes it possible to solve the problem of supplying water to private houses outside the city and within the city limits. This operation is easy to do with your own hands. And we'll tell you how to do it.

If your dacha or private house does not have centralized communications for water supply, this does not mean that you will have to carry water in buckets. A similar problem can be solved very simply these days - by installing wells. Their depth may vary. It all depends on how far from the surface of the earth the aquifer lies. To generate in a private water supply network the pressure necessary for the permanent operation of sanitary devices and fixtures, special well equipment is used - pumping stations.

Various pumping station options

They ensure uninterrupted lifting of water from wells up to 20 m deep. In addition, such equipment distributes (evenly) the raised liquid between all points of its consumption in the home. As a result, a private house is constantly provided with water. At least as long as there is electricity (pumps run on electricity). But even in situations where there are power outages in your area, you will not be left without water from the well. Small power plants or special compact electric generators help solve this problem.

Installation and connection of a household pumping station is carried out only in cases where they are drilling to a depth of no more than 20 m. If the aquifers lie in the ground below, there will be no use from a compact pump. In such situations, a special deep-well pump should be installed. When selecting the equipment we are interested in, we should pay attention to its technical parameters and operating modes, and not just the cost of the pumping station. First of all, you need to decide on the type of suction pipeline.

Pumping station

It happens:

ejector (in other words, two-pipe);
single-pipe.

Single pipe stations are very simple in design. In them, fluid from the well enters the housing of the pumping equipment used through the only available line. Installing such a unit yourself can be done without problems, and quite quickly. Pumps with two pipes are a structurally more complex device. But the efficiency of its operation is many times higher and more reliable than single-pipe equipment.

In an ejector pumping station, the rise of water is ensured by vacuum, which is formed by a special wheel. It is initially installed in the unit. The increase in vacuum is due to the inertia of the liquid, which makes a circular motion when the equipment is turned on. Due to this scheme, pumps with two pipes are always characterized by low power, while having a high efficiency. They are capable of lifting liquid from great depths. Therefore, the installation of a two-pipe pumping station is recommended for depths of 10–20 m. If the well depth is less than 10 m, feel free to install equipment with one line. It will cope with its tasks one hundred percent.

So that connecting pumping equipment with your own hands does not cause you serious difficulties, it is advisable to know its design in advance and understand the principle of its operation.

Connected pumping station

It's not all that complicated here. The main elements of the pumping station are given below:

Centrifugal pump. The basis of the entire structure. He is directly responsible for lifting fluid from the well, as well as for supplying it to a residential building.
Electric motor. It is connected to the pump and to a special pressure switch. The latter is of great importance for the normal operation of all equipment. The relay starts the engine when the pressure in the system decreases and turns off the engine when an excess load is detected.
Hydraulic accumulator. This unit is assembled from two separate parts. They are separated from each other by a special membrane. The only task of the battery is to smooth out the water hammer that occurs during the operation of the pumping station.
Water intake element. This part of the equipment must be equipped with a check valve. It is located directly in the well.
Pressure gauge. It monitors the pressure in the system and transmits data to a relay, which turns the pump on/off.

Also, the described equipment for collecting water from a well is equipped with a pipeline. It connects the pump and water intake into one system. The cost of the stations we are considering for installation on a well depends on the quality of all the components described above, on the throughput potential of the equipment (it can be 1.5 cubic meters of water per hour or 5), on the maximum pressure and power of the unit. The price of the pump is also influenced by the promotion of the company that produces it.

Experts recommend installing water intake equipment in a building separate from the house. It is advisable that it be located at some distance from the home, since the pump makes quite loud sounds when operating. They can disturb the sleep of the inhabitants of the house. The room for installation of equipment must be dry. Let us remind you that the unit runs on electricity. This means that high humidity has a detrimental effect on the pump. Servicing equipment under such conditions is life-threatening.

Pumping station in its designated place

The station should be installed on a special pedestal made of blocks of wood or bricks. The unit can also be placed on a solid, well-leveled concrete base. A rubber mat of suitable size must be placed under the pump. It will protect you from possible electric shocks, as well as dampen vibrations that occur during startup and operation of the unit. The station, in addition, must be attached to a concrete (brick, wood) base. Anchors are used for these purposes. They are installed in pump feet, which are initially included in the equipment of all manufacturers.

If water intake equipment cannot be placed in a separate building, it is allowed to be installed in the basement. But in such situations, you should select pump models that produce a minimum of noise during operation.

There are two outlets on the pumping equipment. They allow you to connect it to the home’s water supply and directly to the water intake point (in our case, to the well). First you need to connect the station to the well. This is done using a 32mm. You connect one of its ends to the pump, and immerse the other into the well. It is advisable to insulate the pipe product using good insulation. Branded products are suitable Thermoflex.

Station operation after connection

A coarse filter must be installed at the end of the pipe that is immersed in the water intake source. Its function is performed by a thin metal mesh. Place a check valve on top. It will ensure constant filling of the pipe with water. If there is no liquid in the pipe, the station will not be able to pump it out of the well. Fix the metal filter and valve using a coupling with an external thread. Similar fasteners are used to install the second end of the pipe. The fastening diagram in this case looks like this: connect the American valve (faucet) to the pump outlet, then install the coupling and connect it with a collet to a plastic pipe product. All work is done by hand without the slightest difficulty.

The next step is connecting the equipment to the water supply. For these purposes, the station (in its upper part) has a special entrance. An American tap is first connected to it (on the thread), and then a 32-mm combined coupling (usually polypropylene) is screwed in. Be sure to solder the coupling and pipe. Then their connection will be truly strong. You have connected all the elements of the pumping station. You can run it and enjoy an uninterrupted supply of water to your home from a well!

In the modern world, you yourself choose which source of water supply is best suited for the required purposes. There are a sufficient number of different pumping stations in stores, the main thing is the hands and skill to connect the station yourself.

There are two main types of pumping stations. Which one is best for your home and how to install the station yourself? Let's figure it out.

Which pumping station to choose

Scope of use. There are 2 types of stations: industrial and domestic. Accordingly, household pumping stations are suitable for the home. Before purchasing, carefully consider what tasks your station must perform: drinking water, bathroom, heating, pouring water into the bathhouse, watering the garden, hot and cold water for the home, washing machine and dishwasher.
Water source. What source of water supply do you prefer and based on this, buy a station that is suitable specifically for this type of source. At the moment, there are three types of water sources: and centralized water supply.
Operating mode. There are manual and automatic stations. Calculate how much is consumed in the house. Approximately one person spends about 250 liters of water per day. And when you go to a specialized store, be sure to clarify this question.

We tried to describe all the nuances in a separate review.

Where should you put the station?

The choice is not very large. There are only two places for installation, one of which should be selected:

a special place in the house (for example, a basement)
in a caisson.

From the point of view of practicality and reliability, it is better to choose a basement, and the station must be protected from damage. If bottom water rises in the basement, then be sure to place the station on a shelf, but so that it does not touch the walls (so that vibration is not created) and there must be heating in the basement to avoid freezing of the station.

If you choose a caisson, then keep in mind that it must be well insulated. Its depth is at least 2 meters so that the station stands in it no lower than the freezing ground level.

If the water source is less than 10 meters deep, then a single-pipe station must be used. If from 10 to 20 meters, then it is preferable in this case to use a two-pipe station with an ejector. To begin with, be sure to develop an installation diagram, and then proceed with the connection.

Work order when connecting

Assemble the ejector.
Place the strainer in the lower sector of the ejector.
Place a squeegee of the required length and a diameter of 32 millimeters onto the plastic socket, which is located on the top of the ejector.
Assemble a squeegee of the required diameter. It consists of 2 elements with transition connections.
At the outlet of the outlet, install a connecting coupling, with the help of which the transition to a polyethylene pipe is made.
Use flax or sealing paste to seal the threaded assemblies.
Dig trenches below the freezing depth of the soil.
Lay the pipeline in them - accordingly, lay the length of the pipes with a margin.
Place caps on the casing pipe. Buying them is problematic, but you can use a knee with a soft angle if you don’t find the heads.
Use couplings to connect pipes and ejector.
Insert the second end of the pipe into the elbow at a right angle and then lower it. Fill the space for sealing with polyurethane foam. Then connect the pipe with corner adapters (90 degrees).
The ejector has been assembled, then lower it to the required depth (at the exit of the casing pipe)
Using plumber's tape, secure the pipe head to the casing.

It is important to know!

It is imperative to lay the pipes with a margin so that later the pipe length does not end up being too short, since turns and bends may not be taken into account and then everything will have to be redone.

Be sure to tighten all thread connections with a wrench and not by hand to avoid future water leakage.

Take note and check the pressure.

Connecting the station to a centralized water supply

Typically, the need for this appears in cases where there is not enough pressure in the heating equipment. This can occur for three reasons:

Hydrogeological conditions have changed.
Old equipment
Water consumption has increased due to population growth.

When connecting a station, be sure to buy a storage bank and install it.

When everything is ready, get to work:

Disconnect the water pipe where you need it.
Connect the end from the city-wide highway to the storage tank.
From your tank, water flows to the pump outlet, and connect the end of the pipe that goes to the house to the outlet.
Install the electrical wiring.
Set up and adjust equipment.
Set the optimal pressure in the system. There is a special hole in the snail; through it, pour at least two liters of water into the equipment. Keep track of when the pump turned off and when it turned on again. Make sure that the shut-off pressure is 2.5–3 bar, and the switch-on pressure is 1.5–1.8 bar.
If the shutdown occurs earlier than expected, then reduce the pressure. Setting up the equipment is not difficult at all. Open the cover marked “DR” and twist it towards “+” or “–”. If necessary, then open the cover with “P” and adjust as you need.
Is it worth installing a filter in the water supply circuit?
If you install a filter, the pump will last a long time.
When installing the station, take into account the characteristics of the water so that no impurities enter the pumping system. If there are harmful impurities or substances, then of course.

What happens if you don't install a filter?

Various impurities: sand, clay and others will gradually clog the hydraulic accumulator, which will ultimately lead to breakdown of the pump, because it is the main part of the pumping station. Especially if a vibration pump is used.

There are also negative aspects of installing a filter:

The filter must be cleaned regularly. If you don’t clean it, the pressure and pressure of the supplied water may decrease over time.
It may happen that the filter becomes completely dirty and does not allow water to pass through, and this can lead to pump failure.

But it’s up to you to decide what’s better: clean the filter or change the pumps due to various impurities.

When you install the station yourself, you save money and therefore can even buy very high-quality equipment. If you did everything correctly and set it up, you will forget about the bad things for a long time. You can also not only buy a pumping station ready-made, but also assemble it yourself from purchased spare parts, and you also save money.

These are not at all complicated steps you have to do in order to cope with the pumping station yourself and use water for your pleasure at home. Now you can make both cold and hot water by simply purchasing a water heater.

To avoid additional expenses, it is quite possible to undertake the installation of equipment for communications distribution yourself. However, it is important not to forget to follow a number of rules and recommendations for installation, then connecting the pumping station to the well with your own hands will be done as competently as possible.

About the design and operating principle of the equipment

This type of technology has a fairly large number of designs. Accordingly, it may differ slightly depending on the selected model. But the most important components are always the storage tank and the pumping unit itself. Considering the last of these elements, we can distinguish the following varieties:

with ejector;
without ejector.

Moreover, in the first option, a division into two subtypes is again assumed: with built-in and remote ejector. Based on the design of the drive, the following versions can be distinguished:

with hydraulic accumulator;
with storage tank.

In the case of the first option, a higher degree of equipment efficiency is noted precisely due to the presence of a hydraulic accumulator in the design. In addition, the operating principle is based on the operation of a pressure switch, through which the equipment is turned on and off depending on what pressure level is currently recorded in the system.

The hydraulic accumulator is divided inside into two separate cavities, between which a partition is installed. This allows water and air to be pumped inside at the same time. The higher the water level in one of the compartments, the greater the pressure value achieved at the outlet of the pumping unit. And this, in turn, has a very positive effect on the speed of water movement through the communication system from the well to the home.

The main feature characterizing the work equipment with storage tank instead of a hydraulic accumulator, it has lower productivity due to the natural supply of water from the reservoir to the consumer. The water level in the tank is controlled by a special float. When it sinks to the bottom, the pumping station turns on, and as the tank fills, the equipment turns off. However This type of device is obsolete due to a number of disadvantages, including: large dimensions, complexity of installation, insufficient operating efficiency.

Selecting a site for installation

In addition to the installation itself, it is necessary to carry out preparatory work, in particular, finding a suitable location for the equipment. Along with this, before you connect the pumping station to the well at depth with your own hands, you should evaluate the proposed site for compliance with the following rules:

It is advisable to install the equipment not too far from the well, which will allow water to be pumped out with slightly greater uniformity;
regardless of which room in the house has been designated for the installation of such equipment, it is important that it is well heated, which means that placing the pump unit on the street is a bad idea;
In addition to high-quality thermal insulation, it is highly recommended to arrange sound insulation in the room, as this will reduce the noise effect during operation of the equipment;
It is also good to choose a room of sufficient size to provide access to equipment in case of emergency or maintenance.

As the most suitable option for how to connect a pumping station to a well, the following solutions are usually used:

The connection diagram of the pumping station to the well should be based on the characteristics of the unit itself, as well as on the configuration of the house’s water supply system. All these factors together will help determine the most successful location for the device.

Sequence of actions when connecting

For a stable position of the unit and protection in the event of groundwater, a small pedestal is usually erected from brick or using a concrete mixture (the latter option will require formwork) . But it is better to install the pump on a rubber mat laid on top of a previously prepared base, securing it with anchors. This will reduce the effect of vibration occurring during operation of the device.

Most often, for the correct operation of the device, the manufacturer prudently equips the mechanism with a protection unit against the so-called, and in addition - with a foot valve. Then all that remains is to connect the communications to the inlet and outlet openings of the pumping unit. This work is usually performed using fittings of various configurations.

Depending on which one is used connection diagram: one-pipe or two-pipe, the installation process will be slightly different. But none of the options involves installing a pumping station in a well. Only fence communications are connected there. The main stages of connecting equipment with pipes laid in the water source shaft:

in the immediate vicinity of the well, a trench with a depth reaching the level of soil freezing is prepared; it will be used to connect to the water intake communications of the well;
Then, using the corner connecting element, a connection is made between the water intake pipe in the well shaft and the pipe leading to the intake pipe of the pumping equipment.

If the connection is based on a two-pipe scheme, how to connect the pumping station to the well in this case? To connect communications to the intake hole you need equip the ejector with a coarse mesh filter, on the other side of this node the drive is assembled. For this purpose, several adapter connections can be used to obtain the desired diameter value. The connection between the outlet and the plastic pipeline is carried out using a bronze coupling.

You should consider in more detail the process of how to connect a pumping station to a well:

In the case of connecting a single-pipe circuit, a casing pipe head is used, but when a two-pipe version of the device is installed, it is problematic to find such a head; accordingly, the best solution in this case would be to install a pipe bend with a smooth slope.
When communications are lowered into a well, it is necessary to calculate the depth of their installation as accurately as possible, for which one of the pipes should be lowered to the very bottom. And, having made a mark, subtract 1 m, this way you can protect the filter mesh at the end of the communications from rapid contamination with silt and sand, and the water itself will be of better quality if the pipe does not reach to the very bottom.
We discussed above how to assemble an ejector. Accordingly, at the next stage, polyethylene pipes are connected to this unit.
Then a connection occurs at the pipe elbow section with corner fittings, to which external communications are already connected. You can seal the free space using polyurethane foam.
One of the last stages of work is to immerse the pipes connected to the ejector to a depth sufficient for normal operation.
An elbow head is attached to the casing pipe; reinforced plumbing tape can be used for strength.

An example of a homemade version

A trench is also prepared for laying communications leading to the house, the depth of which is below the soil freezing level. When connecting to a water supply system, a valve is installed at the outlet of the pump unit, as well as a deep cleaning filter. It is recommended to install another valve in the area after the filter element. It is advisable to tighten all threaded connections with an adjustable wrench.

There is information about the coarse filter for the pumping station here. What it is and its functions.

After all the work has been completed, in particular, connecting to the internal water supply and fence communications, for reliability, you should check the functionality of the equipment in test mode. You just need to pass water through the filler hole so that it fills the pumping station, including the pipes and accumulator. When the shut-off valves open, the equipment's electric motor starts. This begins the process of filling the pressure pipe until all the air is released. The unit automatically turns off when the pressure reaches a certain value, which varies from 1.5 to 3 atm. depending on the model.

Thus, for the effective operation of the local water supply system at home or cottage, it is not enough to simply select the appropriate equipment; it is important to connect it to the well and internal communications of the home. At all stages of installation, you should carefully monitor how tight the threaded connections are, since air entering the system will lead to equipment malfunctions.

The automated process of supplying water from a well to a residential building, garden and vegetable garden will help minimize the time planned for household chores. The “heart” of water supply networks are pumping stations for wells - devices that pump water from a source to water collection points.

For their smooth operation, you need to know the nuances of the location, installation and connection of pumping equipment. Do you agree?

We will tell you how to correctly select a pumping station to supply water to a country house. Here you will learn everything about the rules for laying water lines from the water intake to the house. Taking into account our advice, organizing a water supply with a well as a source will not cause the slightest difficulty.

The level of comfort in a country house is to a large extent determined by the presence of a professionally adjusted water supply system, the main component of which is a pumping station.

The structure of the devices involved in organizing the water supply must be known in any case. It will come in handy if you are laying the water supply yourself or entrusting installation work to professionals.

Knowing the principle of operation of individual elements of the system, in the event of an accident or failure of one of the devices, you will be able to independently, and most importantly, quickly make or replace it.

So, the most important components of a water supply scheme using a pumping station are the following:

water intake device with filter;
check valve that prevents water from flowing in the opposite direction;
suction line - pipe leading to the pump;
to regulate water supply;
pressure gauge showing exact parameters;
– automatic storage;
electric motor

Instead of a hydraulic accumulator, a more modern and practical device, sometimes a storage tank is used, which has several disadvantages (weak pressure, inconvenient installation, etc.).

The diagram shows one way to install a non-pressure storage tank and a hydrophore capable of regulating the pressure and water level in the system

However, now that many modern inexpensive models with a hydraulic accumulator have appeared in stores, there is no point in independently assembling a system with a storage tank.

If you decide to purchase a container for collecting water, try to take into account the following nuances:

The reserve tank is installed in the highest possible area (for example, in the attic) to create the necessary pressure.
The volume of the tank should be such that a reserve of 2-3 days is maintained in case of failure of the pumping equipment (but not more than 250 liters, otherwise sediment accumulation is possible).
The base for mounting the container must be reinforced with beams, slabs, and additional floors.

The reserve storage tank, like membrane equipment (hydraulic accumulator), should be equipped with a filter. In addition, it is mandatory to install a safety pipe to drain excess water. The hose connected to the pipe is led into the drainage system or lowered into containers intended for storing irrigation water.

Standard diagram of a pumping station design with the designation of the main elements: check valve, pressure switch, pressure gauge, pressure pipeline; the red arrow points to the accumulator

The operating principle of the pumping station is cyclical. As soon as the water supply in the system decreases, the pump turns on and begins pumping water, filling the system.

When the pressure reaches the required level, the pressure switch is activated and turns off the pump. The relay settings must be set before starting to operate the equipment - they depend on the volume of the tank and the characteristics of the pump.

Image gallery

Criteria for choosing a station for a well

When purchasing a pumping station, you should pay attention to the pump parameters and factors characterizing the water source (in our case, a well), including its distance from the building.

For example, it would be useful to clarify the following values:

Maximum water intake depth. We are interested in the dynamic water level, that is, the average for 1-2 days with constant water use. If you take into account the static level, you can make mistakes in your calculations.
Nominal head of the unit. The conditional height of the water column that pumping equipment can create. Calculate using the formula, summing up the suction value, the length of horizontal sections of the pipeline, vertical lift and losses for transportation through the pipeline.
Pumping station performance. For calculations, you can take the average water flow at all water collection points (for example, a faucet at a sink - 0.15 m/s, a shower or washing machine - 0.3 m/s). The total value should not be higher than the well's flow rate, otherwise the source will not be able to cope with the supply.
Power supply voltage. In household networks this is 220 V (except for powerful stations with three-phase motors, where the voltage is 380 V).
Power consumption. The spread of energy consumed by stations is impressive. On average 500-2000 W. The choice of circuit breaker type directly depends on the power.
Volume of the hydraulic accumulator reservoir. From 24 l (for a family of 1-2 people) to 100 l (6 people or more).

It is clear that without knowledge of the technical nuances, before choosing and purchasing a unit, it is better to consult with a specialist who is well versed in household pumping equipment.

The characteristics of the pumping station are indicated in the technical data sheet of the product; to select the desired model, they must be compared with your own calculations

Instructions for installing a pumping station

Let's consider the most popular option for installing a station, in which the unit is located on the territory of the house (in the basement or utility room), and the suction line, lowered into the well, is equipped with an ejector.

External work - from well to house

External activities include the installation of a suction well device - laying a pipeline to the foundation of the house or preparing a site (utility room) for installing a pumping station if it is located in the basement.

The closer the well is to the house, the better, as this guarantees stronger water pressure and a minimum of problems with laying the water supply. The main task of drillers is to equip the well by installing a casing pipe in accordance with the norms and requirements; they do not deal with the external design of the well head.

Thus, before starting work, the well is a piece of pipe about 1 m high, sticking out of the ground.

There are several ways to improve the exit of the casing to the surface: from simply connecting pumping equipment to constructing an underground caisson or a small external structure

We decided to install a well with a pumping station for pumping out on the territory of the house, therefore, there is no need to create an additional room in the head area - it is enough to design the head itself, maintaining a tight connection between the pipe and the water supply.

To lay a main line that will function year-round, you will have to dig a trench below the freezing level. Accordingly, the casing will also have to be dug to this level.

Thus, the pipes will go from to the hole in the foundation of the house. An important condition is the slope of the water supply in the direction of the source, so that in case of drainage, water can flow naturally into the well.

The hole in the foundation should not be too high in relation to the main line - sudden changes and bends negatively affect the pressure force and the functioning of the system as a whole.

After a hole has been punched in the foundation and a trench has been dug, three steps must be performed directly related to the installation of pumping equipment:

assemble and install the ejector;
secure the head hermetically;
prepare a site for installing a hydraulic accumulator.

The ejector is a cast iron part with three threaded holes. When connecting it to pipes, it is necessary to use sealing paste, fum tape or flax, otherwise the tightness will be broken.

Ejector operation diagram. Pay attention to the lower part of the device - this is a filter that retains particles of sand and bottom sediment; it must be installed first, otherwise the equipment will quickly fail

If the outer piece of casing extends high above the ground, the excess portion must be cut off. It may be difficult to find a head for a two-pipe device; in this case, you can assemble the device from a head for a single-pipe station. To do this, a branch of the same diameter is welded to the casing pipe at a right angle.

To calculate the length of vertical pipes, for which roll-type polyethylene products are often used, it is necessary to add 2 meters to the dynamic water level.

You should not lower the end of the device close to the bottom, as the coarse filter will quickly become clogged. If polyethylene pipes do not straighten (because they have been stored in a roll for a long time), they can be slightly heated with a hair dryer.

The ejector is threaded onto pipes, sealed tightly and lowered into water. Procedures for sealing joints and securing knees must be carried out on a solid base. If you try to fix the parts by weight, you risk drowning the ejector in the well. You will have to buy a new station, because the ejector is not sold separately.

External pipes are laid in trenches and driven into, then connected to the couplings of a centrifugal surface pump. To make the pipes fit more tightly, they must be inserted all the way, tightened by hand, and then secure the result with a gas wrench. Sprinkling of the pipeline should only be done after testing the system.

It is better if at the time of immersion of the ejector the pumping station is already installed on a specially prepared base. It must be stable and strong, reaching a height of up to half a meter.

You can make a concrete platform, put together a table from wooden blocks or lay brickwork - the main conditions are to ensure safety and stability.

Another option for mounting a hydraulic accumulator is on brackets mounted on the wall. But keep in mind that any contact of pumping equipment with supporting structures will cause noise in residential areas

After the ejector connected to the suction line has lowered the water, and it, in turn, is attached to the pumping station, you can begin internal work on installing home wiring.

Installation of shut-off valve and filter

We will not discuss in detail the connection of water points, but will consider the installation of a section of pressure pipes to the filter. As main elements inside the house, you can use polymer pipes with a set of fittings of a suitable diameter. Parts made from the materials mentioned are easy to install and replace if the need arises.

You need to start with a tie-in, which will make it possible to install plumbing equipment and also shut off the home water supply network in the event of an accident or long-term departure.

The best option is considered to be a reliable ball valve with an American connection. If desired, it can be quickly replaced or removed without dismantling the remaining parts of the line.

Buy only high-quality brass taps, since cheap fakes with silumin-containing alloys quickly fail and often cause flooding.

Optimal pumping station installation diagram: ½ ball valve with “American” 20 – ½ HP located directly at the outlet of the internal polypropylene line with pipe 20

The primary filter should be located next to the hydraulic accumulator, in a place convenient for maintenance. The regularity of washing the cartridges - the main filter filling - depends on the saturation of the water with lime, iron and other microelements.

There should be no inclusions such as coarse sand or pieces of clay on the internal section of the water supply; they are filtered out even before the water enters the membrane tank.

Typically, the filter comes with an installation key, which makes the installation process easier. The housing must be installed so that on one side there is a pumping station, on the other there is a distribution line to the points of consumption. The pipes along their entire length are fixed to the wall with clamps, at turns and at fastening points - with special fittings.

Self-washing fine filters improve water quality, thereby protecting plumbing fixtures (faucets, sanitaryware) from premature breakdowns and reducing the cost of their maintenance

When assembling the network, make sure the connections are tight, otherwise when water moves under pressure, the line may leak.

Checking the system operation - test run

Testing the operation of the water supply system is the final step to the well. In order for the procedure to go without “surprises,” you should remember a number of important rules.

For full operation of the equipment, it is necessary to complete the installation of external water supply and installation of internal wiring. To check, you can also turn off the tap of the internal part, and use the watering line instead (if it is provided for by the project).

When performing preparatory work before starting the pumping station, be sure to use the instructions! Failure to follow the manufacturer's technical instructions may cause damage to the pumping equipment.

Equipment preparation procedure:

Fill the inside of the accumulator with water (required!) by unscrewing the tank cap and using a funnel. It will take about 10-12 liters of liquid to fill the pump and adjacent pipes.
Screw the filler cap tightly.
Check the pressure parameters in the accumulator (they are indicated in the technical specifications and are 1.2-1.5 atmospheres). If the pressure is lower, it is necessary to pump up the air to the required level using a compressor.
Let the water flow by opening the valves on the main lines.

Only after completing all of the above steps can you connect the electrical power. As soon as the motor starts, water will fill all the pipes. It is necessary to ensure that the air is completely removed from the lines, then you can turn off the tap.

If the testing was successful, it is necessary to complete the installation of the system: finally secure the pipes inside the building, backfill the street main.

HDPE pipes - an alternative to steel mains

Let's take a closer look at the pipes connecting the submersible equipment and the surface centrifugal pump.

When choosing pipes for external water supply, you need to focus on factors such as:

convenient transportation;
easy installation that does not require highly qualified knowledge;
strength, abrasion resistance;
elasticity and deformation of shape without loss of functional qualities;
non-toxic, safe for moving drinking water.

All of the above requirements are met by pipes made of low-density polyethylene. Unlike metal analogues, they do not deteriorate due to corrosion over time. The average service life of HDPE pipes is 50 years.

One of the advantages of HDPE pipes is the availability of a set of various fittings of a suitable standard (couplings, plugs, adapters) for quick and easy installation

variety;
external diameter;
wall thickness;
nominal and maximum pressure.

On the pipe, which is necessary for laying the pressure line from the well, it is possible to indicate the purpose - “drinking”. For use in the country, products with a diameter of 32 mm and a wall thickness of 2.4 mm are suitable. The blue stripe indicates that the pipes are intended for pumping water (yellow – for transporting gas).

A water supply network of complex design has branches (for example, to ensure watering of a garden or water supply to a bathhouse). To monitor pipe connection points, inspection wells made of brick, concrete or plastic are installed

How to insulate an external water supply?

Laying the main line below the freezing level of the soil solves the problem of additional thermal insulation, but it is not always possible to dig deep trenches. It is necessary to place the pipes at a shallow depth, having previously insulated them on all sides.

Previously, the only acceptable method was used - they wrapped the products with a heat-insulating material, for example, a mineral wool shell, then with waterproofing so that water did not penetrate from the outside.

Nowadays, several modern methods have appeared that increase the efficiency of heat saving. For example, the use of pipes, factory-made, enclosed in a hard polystyrene foam shell.

The most effective way is to use. The water supply pipeline has a diameter of 32 mm, which means that it is enough to stretch the cable along the main line, securing it directly to the pipe.

Cable manufacturers guarantee that it will protect the water supply even at a surface temperature of -50º C. Thanks to the built-in sensors, electric heating is maintained at +5º C

The only disadvantage of the electric heating system is its dependence on power supply. However, country homeowners who constantly live off-grid always have an alternative source of energy available - a gas, diesel or gasoline generator.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

They will help you understand the nuances of installing a pumping station for wells.

Video #1. Useful tips for self-assembly and installation of a pumping station:

Video #2. Features of installing a pumping station in the basement:

Video #3. Installation instructions for the Grundfos MQ pumping station:

We recommend connecting pumping equipment yourself only to those who have already encountered the installation, replacement or repair of pumping stations. For beginners, it is better to turn to people experienced in this matter, or at least carry out all the work under their control.

Would you like to tell us about how you installed a pumping station to draw water from your own well or well? Do you know the nuances of connecting equipment that are not mentioned in the article? Please write comments in the block below, ask questions, share your impressions, useful information and photos on the topic of the article.